Grade 7 Social Studies October Homework Last updated Oct 27 / 08 NOTE: TEST: CHAPTER 2 -  WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 5 DAY 3 Notes for Chapter 2 Social Studies 7 Chapter 2: Economies in History Notes Economics: the study of how people meet their needs and wants in the present and the past. Economic empowerment: having enough money to meet your needs and a little extra for special things you might want. Another term for this is ‘Economic Security’. In this chapter you will study two different economies: 1.First Nations and Inuit ‘traditional’ economies 2.The economies of Early European settlers who came to North America. Both these economies were PRE-INDUSTRIAL. They did not use manufacturing technology to make the things they needed. Pre-industrial and Industrial Economies A Pre-Industrial economy uses hand tools and natural materials easily found in nature to produce goods. An Industrial Economy uses manufacturing technology (machines) to make things for sale Comparison of First Nations and European Settlers Economies Needs and Wants First Nations and Inuit people have been in North America since before recorded history. First Nations people depended on the land for all their needs and wants. Therefore their economies were based on the natural resources found around them. Ex: Snow for shelters, forests for fuel and shelter, animal bone and hides for shelters and clothing. Production Objects were made by hand from stone or bone tools. Ex:  Inuit people used caribou meat for food, bones for tools, hides for shelter, clothing and footwear. Hunting and gathering was done seasonally. Everyone in a community worked to produce what was needed. Men usually did the hunting and women prepared meat and hides. Distribution In some areas food was scarce. Within a native group, everyone shared equally in what was produced. Hunting, fishing and harvesting over large areas was very important for people’s survival. Sometimes native people guarded their territory to keep others native people from hunting or fishing and other time’s groups shared the same hunting grounds. First nations and Inuit traded their goods with each other. No one owned the Land First nations and Inuit did not believe in private ownership of the land. It was only theirs to care for and pass on to the next generation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Newcomers: Early European Settlers Europeans began settling in North America in the 1500’s. Needs and Wants Why did they come? They wanted to own more land, spread their culture and religion and find new economic opportunities. Settlers were looking for natural resources to sell back to Europe Ex: fur, fish, wood, and minerals Most land in Europe was owned by the rich and powerful. Therefor many people came in North America looking for land to own. Production Until the 1700’s European settlements in North America were Pre-Industrial. Early settlers had to make everything by hand.                    Ex: Blacksmiths made metal tools, coopers made barrels, cobblers made shoes, women spun sheep’s fleece for wool. Distribution Europeans believed in owning ‘Private Property’ and the resources on the property. The main goal was to work to benefit yourself and family. Goods were distributed by sale in the market place. If there was something you wanted, you paid money for it. Early settlers had to make all their own goods but they hope to one day set up a market system in North America The Impact of Contact Early European settlers did not know how to survive in the New World. They had to learn from and trade with the First Nations people. European settlers traded metal knives, pots and guns for furs and food. Treaties Both Great Britain and First Nations people believed that making treaties would help them get along in the future. First Nations people believed that treaties with the British would ensure peace and allow them to maintain their way of life in the future. Covenant Chain of Treaties All treaties between Britain and First Nations were connected. In these treaties, First Nations agreed to act peacefully towards Britain and Britian agreed to respect First Nations’ Rights. No First Nations people ever agreed to give up their land The Effects of the Fur Trade Before the Fur Trade: Native people hunted animals like caribou and moose and they fished. They found the best food sources at the right time of year. After the Fur Trade Began: Native people began spending more time hunting for fur animals and less time hunting animals for their family’s survival. They became dependent on the Europeans for goods like flour and cloth. Eventually, fur animals became very scarce from over trapping and Native people could not get enough furs to trade for the things they needed. No more furs meant that the Europeans began to move further west and they left the natives of Atlantic Canada behind. The Effects of European Settlement As larger numbers of European settlers arrived they began to take over lands and rivers that native people needed to survive. Europeans did not want to share the land with the Natives. It was hoped that the Natives would die off, go somewhere else or become more like Europeans. Native peoples were not included in the development of the new economy. Use the following to review for the Chapter 2 Test: Know the following terms: Needs and Wants Aboriginal Private Ownership Time immemorial Maritimes Atlantic Canada Contact Artifact Treaties Covenant Chain of Treaties Be able to describe the following -Need / Wants of the Aboriginal and European people -How did each group produce what they wanted and needed? -How did each group distribute their goods? What were the 3 key resources of the European settlers? What was the impact of contact on the Aboriginal peoples. Give specific examples How did the fur trade change the traditional life style of the Aboriginal people? Describe the traditional economy of the Beothuk. What were the reasons for the extinction of the Beothuk? October 27 Homework 7-118: Students are required to complete #'s 1 to 8 for Wednesday. 7-3: Students in this class should now be completed all of the following questions. Grade 7 Social Studies Chapter 2” THE IMPACT OF CONTACT Pages 36-38 1. What is “contact”? 2. Where did contact first take place? 3. What happened as Europeans moved west? 4. Describe what happened when First Nations people first met Europeans. 5. What is a “treaty”?(see the yellow inset box) 6. Why are treaties made? 7. Why did the British and the First Nations people sign treaties? 8. What were the main ideas of the “Covenant Chain of Treaties” and the “Treaties of Friendship and Respect”? 9. Before Europeans came, how did the First Nations people meet their needs and wants? 10. a) How did this change after Europeans came and First Nations became involved in the Fur trade? 10 b)What was the result? 11. How did the European idea of “private ownership” affect the First Nations people? The Beothuk                                                 P. 39 1. Describe the seasonal cycle of the Beothuk. 2.  How did the arrival and settlements of Europeans affect the Beothuk way of life? 3.There are three main reasons that the Beothuk became extinct. They are: 4. From what you have learned in this chapter about the First Nations people and the Europeans who came to settle in North America, what observations can you make about empowerment and disempowerment? The following is the first assignment for grade 7 social studies. It is due Thursday, October 30, Day 5 Chapter 1: Empowerment Self Portrait 20 Years From Now Name: _________________________                 Due Date: ___________________________ A. Read the section called “Personal Empowerment” on p.8. Be sure to read the colored balloons. B. What do you think your life will be like in 20 years? This assignment will give you an opportunity to think about what your life might be like in the future. How will you be empowered? Create a poster display on bristol board that shows who you think you might become in 20 years. You may cut pictures out of magazines or draw some of your own pictures. Your board must answer the questions below. How old will you be? What will you have done or be doing for post secondary training / education? What will your career be? What clothing style will you have? (Note: Remember your clothing should reflect your career) Where will you be living? What will your hobbies be? Will you be married or single? In what community and social activities will you be involved? Give examples of the types of empowerment you want to have twenty years from now. Note: Be sure to include a NEAT Title and use color. TEST on Chapter 1: Friday, October 17, 08 Students must study the following: All terms from chapter 1 Be able to explain the 6 Types of Empowerment Re-read "The Home Children and study the answers for #2 a,b,c,d at the end of the story.